Within what time frame does irreversible damage to neural tissue occur in CRAO?

In cases of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO), irreversible damage to neural tissue can occur within about 90 minutes due to the critical nature of blood supply to the retina. The retina relies on a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients delivered by the blood, and a lack of perfusion leads to cellular death and loss of visual function.

The 90-minute window represents the general consensus based on both clinical observations and studies examining the time-sensitive nature of retinal ischemia. After this duration, the likelihood of preserving any vision decreases significantly, and permanent damage typically ensues.

Therefore, identifying and addressing CRAO symptoms promptly is essential to potentially restore or preserve vision, underscoring the importance of rapid intervention before reaching that critical 90-minute threshold.