Which infectious diseases are associated with posterior uveitis?

Posterior uveitis is an inflammation of the posterior segment of the eye and can be associated with various infectious diseases. The correct selection includes cytomegalovirus (CMV), which is known to cause retinitis particularly in immunocompromised individuals, such as those with HIV/AIDS. Endogenous encephalitis, often linked with conditions like herpes simplex and certain viral infections, can also manifest as a complication involving posterior uveitis. Syphilis, particularly in its tertiary stage, can lead to uveitis, and its ocular manifestations are well documented.

This option collectively represents infectious diseases that have a direct association with posterior uveitis through their mechanisms of causing inflammation or through their systemic effects in the body. The link between these infections and ocular complications is critical in understanding the pathophysiology of posterior uveitis and highlights the importance of early identification and treatment of these diseases to prevent vision loss.