Which condition is NOT in the differential diagnosis for retinoblastoma?

Retinoblastoma is a common childhood eye cancer that often presents with specific signs and symptoms, leading to a differential diagnosis that focuses primarily on conditions affecting the pediatric population's vision.

Adult macular degeneration, which affects the central part of the retina and is primarily a concern for older adults, is not included in the differential diagnosis for retinoblastoma. This condition typically arises from age-related factors and is characterized by gradual vision loss due to the deterioration of the macula. Since retinoblastoma occurs in young children and presents distinct characteristics such as leukocoria (white pupil) and strabismus (crossed eyes), adult macular degeneration is not relevant in this context.

In contrast, conditions like exudative retinal detachment, pediatric tuberculosis, and congenital cataract can all present similarly in young children. Exudative retinal detachment may have overlapping symptoms like vision problems and may occur in conjunction with systemic illnesses. Pediatric tuberculosis can lead to ocular manifestations and should be ruled out in a child presenting with vision issues. Congenital cataracts are a recognized cause of decreased vision in infants and children and must be considered when evaluating eye abnormalities.

Focusing on these aspects helps clarify the clinical reasoning that distinguishes retinoblastoma from