What is the primary cause of dendritic ulcers in the cornea?

Dendritic ulcers in the cornea are primarily caused by the Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis. These ulcers are characterized by their branching, tree-like appearance on the corneal surface and are a direct result of the viral infection. The herpes virus causes epithelial cell damage, leading to the formation of these distinct lesions.

When the herpes simplex virus infects the cornea, it can remain dormant in the nerve ganglia and may reactivate, leading to recurrent episodes of dendritic ulceration. This is a common and well-documented manifestation of HSV keratitis and is significant because it can lead to corneal scarring or vision impairment if not treated appropriately. The presence of these ulcers is an important clinical indicator for healthcare providers in diagnosing and managing viral keratitis, emphasizing the need for antiviral treatment.

The other options do not lead to dendritic ulcers. Bacterial infections typically produce different types of corneal ulcers and can cause a more acute infection characterized by purulent discharge. Fungal infections also do not cause dendritic ulcers but result in distinct types of corneal infiltrates. Contact lens wear can lead to various complications, including bacterial and fungal keratitis, but again, it does not specifically cause dendritic ulcers. Thus, HSV