What is the management recommendation for hypopyon?

The recommendation to treat the underlying cause and refer urgently is appropriate in the case of hypopyon, which is the accumulation of pus in the anterior chamber of the eye. This condition can be associated with serious underlying pathologies, such as infections (including bacterial or viral keratitis), inflammatory diseases, or endophthalmitis, which can potentially lead to vision loss if not addressed promptly.

By treating the underlying cause, a more targeted approach can be taken—whether it involves systemic medications, topical therapies, or potentially surgical interventions, depending on the specific diagnosis. An urgent referral to an ophthalmologist is crucial for a comprehensive evaluation and management, as this facilitates timely intervention which is essential in preventing complications and preserving vision. The urgency lies in the fact that some underlying causes can rapidly worsen the patient's condition.

Other options like monitoring without intervention or applying topical antibiotics without referral could lead to delays in critical treatment that the patient may require, while performing immediate surgery might not always be necessary without first evaluating the specific cause of the hypopyon. Thus, addressing the underlying issue through appropriate treatment and referral is the most comprehensive management strategy.