What is the main cause of keratoconus?

Keratoconus is primarily associated with genetic predisposition. This condition often runs in families, indicating a hereditary component. Individuals with a family history of keratoconus are at an increased risk of developing the condition themselves, suggesting that certain genetic factors contribute to the weakening of the corneal structure, which leads to its characteristic cone-shaped protrusion.

While the other options mention factors that may affect the eyes, they do not have the strong correlation with the onset of keratoconus as genetic factors do. Injury from foreign objects, infections, and excessive UV radiation can all impact vision and eye health, but they are not established primary causes of keratoconus. Instead, keratoconus is more closely linked to inherited traits and biochemical changes in the cornea, emphasizing the importance of recognizing genetic predisposition as the main factor in the development of this condition.