What is the condition characterized by localized inflammation of the episclera?

Episcleritis is characterized by localized inflammation of the episclera, which is the thin layer of tissue between the sclera (the white part of the eye) and the conjunctiva. This condition manifests as a red or inflamed area on the eye, often accompanied by discomfort or mild pain. It is important to recognize episcleritis as it can sometimes be associated with systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus, though it can also occur independently.

Other options represent different ocular conditions: conjunctivitis involves inflammation of the conjunctiva, affecting the pink part of the eye and often causing symptoms like eye discharge and itching. Uveitis refers to inflammation of the uveal tract, which includes the iris, ciliary body, and choroid, presenting with more severe symptoms such as pain, visual changes, and photophobia. Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelids, typically involving the eyelashes and is characterized by red, scaly eyelids, but does not involve the episclera itself. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify why episcleritis is the correct answer in this context.