What is a potential cause of congenital entropion?

Congenital entropion is primarily caused by a developmental anomaly affecting the structure and function of the eyelid, particularly the lower eyelid. Dysgenesis of the lower eyelid retractors is a critical factor because these retractors are responsible for maintaining proper eyelid position and functionality. When there is a failure in the development of these muscles or the associated connective tissues, it can lead to inappropriate inward turning of the eyelid margin, which characterizes entropion.

This inward turning can cause the eyelashes to rub against the cornea, leading to discomfort and potential damage to the eye. Understanding this condition highlights the importance of normal anatomical development for eyelid function, as well as the role of supporting structures in maintaining eyelid integrity. Other options like excessive eyelid tissue, aging, or use of irritants are more relevant to acquired forms of entropion rather than congenital cases.